When you encounter the error: ``` NotSupportedError: (1235, “This version of MariaDB doesn’t yet support ‘LIMIT & IN/ALL/ANY/SOME subquery'") ``` This indicates that you are trying to execute an SQL command in MariaDB that includes a subquery with a `LIMIT` clause within an `IN`, `ALL`, `ANY`, or `SOME` comparison operation, but the version of MariaDB you are using does not support this feature. As of my knowledge cutoff in early 2023, such limitations still existed in MariaDB and even in MySQL, which MariaDB is a fork of. Here are some ways to work around this issue: 1. **Refactor the Query:** Often, the need for a `LIMIT` clause within a subquery can be avoided by restructuring the query. For example, you can often join tables or use a derived table (subquery in the `FROM` clause) to achieve the same result without using `LIMIT` in the subquery. 2. **Use an Ordered Subquery in a Join:** If the goal was to limit rows from one table based on criteria from another, you might use a derived table joined to the main table. In the derived table, you can include an `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT`, and then join this back to the main table on the relevant criteria. Example: ```sql SELECT main.* FROM main_table AS main JOIN ( SELECT id FROM related_table ORDER BY some_column LIMIT n -- your limit here ) AS sub ON main.related_id = sub.id ``` 3. **Variable Row Numbering:** In some cases, particularly when you need the first 'n' related items, you can simulate a limit by using session variables to assign row numbers, and then filter on this number. Example: ```sql SELECT * FROM ( SELECT t.*, (@row_number:=IF(@prev_value=t.related_criteria, @row_number+1, 1)) AS rn, @prev_value:=t.related_criteria FROM (SELECT @row_number:=0, @prev_value:=NULL) AS vars, target_table t ORDER BY t.related_criteria, t.some_other_column ) AS rows WHERE rn <= n -- your limit here ``` 4. **Upgrade MariaDB:** While earlier versions of MariaDB and MySQL have this limitation, sometimes newer versions reduce or eliminate such restrictions. Review the release notes and documentation of newer MariaDB versions to determine if upgrading is a viable solution. 5. **Use Temporary Tables:** In more complex scenarios, or when performance is not the primary concern, results can be stored in a temporary table with an index on the columns you wish to apply the `LIMIT` to. Then, select the limited data from the temporary table as part of the larger query. Remember to always analyze and understand the implications of these workarounds in the context of your specific use case and to test for performance and accuracy. It's also important for anyone stumbling upon this answer in the future to check the current MariaDB or MySQL documentation in case there have been updates that change the support for subqueries with `LIMIT`.