The Cold War, lasting from approximately 1945 until 1991, was a significant period in world history that shaped international relations, economies, and societies in far-reaching and enduring ways.

1. **Political Impact:** The Cold War marked the rise of two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, who engaged in ideological, economic, and geopolitical competition. This era saw an increase in proxy wars, which led to significant shifts in geopolitical landscapes around the globe. The superpower rivalry also influenced the creation of major political alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Today, we still see these geopolitical fault lines in areas like Eastern Europe.

2. **Economic Impact:** The Cold War facilitated an increase in military expenditure and paved the way for technological advancements. It motivated the space race, leading to advancements like satellite technology and moon landing, which still significantly influence the technological sphere today. Moreover, it triggered economic competition shaping the adoption of free market capitalism by western nations and central planning socialism by Eastern Bloc, each of which has left an indelible impact on global economic systems.

3. **Social Impact:** The Cold War introduced new levels of propaganda, leading to widespread mistrust and fear, but also shaping cultural and intellectual pursuits. It fueled civil rights movements across the globe, leading to increased rights for marginalized groups. The fear of nuclear wars became a part of the social conscience and influenced various aspects of daily life.

4. **Impact on International Relations:** The Cold War brought forth the strategy of "brinkmanship," enhanced the role of international institutions like the UN, and introduced the policy of containment, détente, and rollback. The bipolar structure of international politics has since evolved into more polycentric power relations but the period has set many precedents in global diplomacy.

5. **Decolonization and National Movements:** During this time, many countries in Asia and Africa sought independence from colonial powers. The United States and Soviet Union often intervened (or chose not to) in these conflicts based on their own Cold War priorities, impacting the course of national movements worldwide.

In summary, the Cold War drastically shaped the world we live in today. From its impact on politics to economies to societies, its ramifications can still be seen and felt in the 21st century. Its conclusion has also set the stage for a new era of global relations, understood in the frames of post-Cold War politics.

The Cold War ended largely due to a combination of economic, political, and social factors.

1. **Economic factors**: The war was draining Soviet Union's economy as it tried to match up with the West's technological and military advancements while also dealing with internal economic issues.

2. **Political factors**: There was a shift in Soviet leadership with Mikhail Gorbachev taking power in 1985. Gorbachev implemented policies like "glasnost" (openness) and "perestroika" (restructuring), which aimed to bring political and economic reform but ultimately contributed to the weakening of the socialist regime.

3. **Social factors**: People in the Eastern Bloc grew increasingly discontent with their government and began protests and rebellions. Key examples are the unions led by Lech Walesa in Poland.

A notable event marking the end was the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, which symbolized the collapse of communism in Europe. Finally, in 1991, the USSR officially dissolved when Boris Yeltsin took power in Russia and various other regions declared independence.

This question would however be better suited for a history-related Q&A site.

The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (USA), for dominance in spaceflight capability. It started in 1955, largely catalyzed by the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, by the USSR in 1957. The competition led to significant advancements in science, technology, aerospace and related industries.

In the context of the Cold War, the Space Race had several strategic implications. Firstly, it was a demonstration of technological superiority and military prowess, given the applicability of rocket tech to nuclear weapons delivery. Secondly, it was a tool for propaganda, advancing national prestige and ideologies. It also fostered a sense of nationalism and unity within each country.

The race significantly influenced global politics by bolstering the image of the competing nations and altering their relationships with other countries. For example, the success of the American Apollo lunar landing in 1969 was taken as evidence of the benefits of a free-market economy versus the Soviet-style communism.

Post-Space Race, both the USA and USSR moved towards "détente" or ease of cold war tensions and started co-operating on certain missions which laid the foundation for agencies like the International Space Station (ISS), embodying an enduring legacy of the Space Race. It's notable that these developments equally played a major role in shaping the politics of space exploration even today.

Nuclear weapons played a pivotal role during the Cold War both as a deterrent and as a factor influencing policy and relationships between nations. The idea of Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) guided much of the strategic thinking.

Under MAD, the idea was that if any nuclear nation launched a strike, a counter-strike would ensure, resulting in total devastation for both parties. This concept thus served as a deterrent, preventing any one armed nation from initiating a nuclear strike out of fear of total annihilation. Nations therefore had to strategise negotiations, treaties and diplomatic relations in this nuclear shadow.

The nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the USSR significantly influenced international politics. They accumulated arsenals far beyond what would be necessary for 'deterrence,' causing widespread fear and economic strain both domestically and internationally.

Moreover, nuclear weapon technology had an effect on developing nations, a few of which sought to harness nuclear power either for energy or weapon purposes, leading to further power dynamics and concerns about proliferation. The Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968 was an attempt to manage these fears.

In a broad sense, the existence of nuclear weapons created a geostrategic landscape governed by fear, suspense, and potential catastrophe, shaping overall Cold War dynamics. They served simultaneously as the ultimate threat and the ultimate deterrent.

A 'proxy war' is a conflict instigated by major powers but fought by surrogates or 'proxies' on behalf of the major players. The term is commonly used in the context of the Cold War.

During the Cold War era, the two major world powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, used proxy wars as a means to fight each other indirectly. This approach helped both countries avoid the high risks associated with direct military clashes which had the potential to escalate into a full-blown nuclear war.

These proxy wars occurred globally, primarily in developing countries where influence was contested between the US and the USSR. The reason behind these conflicts is twofold: ideological differences (communism vs. capitalism), and the determination of each superpower to establish its dominance and sphere of influence in the changing world order post World War II.

Some notable examples of such conflicts include:

1. **The Korean War (1950-1953)**: This was fought between South Korea (backed by the US and its allies) and North Korea (backed by China and the Soviet Union). The war ended with no clear victor and set the precedent for many subsequent Cold War confrontations.

2. **The Vietnam War (1955-1975)**: Here, the US backed South Vietnam against the communist North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and China. This war resulted in significant disruptions to the socio-political fabric of Southeast Asia.

3. **The Soviet-Afghan War (1979-1989)**: The US funded Afghan Mujahideen groups to counter the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan.

As for their impacts, these proxy wars led to millions of civilian casualties, significant socio-economic disruption, and regional destabilization. In the broader context, they contributed to the prolonged tension and hostility of the Cold War era.

Despite these considerable ramifications, proxy wars did not, however, escalate to a direct confrontation between the two superpowers, thus 'successfully' maintaining the status-quo of the Cold War until its end in 1991.

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation between the USA and the USSR, stemming from the USSR's decision to place nuclear missiles in Cuba, just 90 miles away from the US. Occurring in October 1962, during the Cold War, it was one of its most dangerous episodes, potentially escalating to nuclear warfare.

Key events leading up to this crisis were the failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, a CIA sponsored effort to overthrow Fidel Castro, and Castro's move towards alignment with the Soviet Union. This led Soviet Premier Khrushchev to place nuclear missiles in Cuba, considered a part of U.S. sphere of influence, to deter American harassment of Cuba and balance the power, as America had missile bases near USSR boundaries in Turkey.

The crisis was resolved when the U.S. agreed not to invade Cuba and to remove its missiles in Turkey (this part remained secret) in exchange for the USSR withdrawing its missiles from Cuba.

Repercussions included the establishment of a direct communication hotline between US and USSR, easing of Cold War tensions for some time, and start of détente. However, the crisis heavily impacted the global consciousness about the threat of nuclear warfare, making it a significant event in the pursuit of nuclear disarmament.

The Cold War considerably influenced popular culture across a multitude of mediums:

1) Films and Television: There was an increase in spy and war-themed movies echoing Cold War tensions. "Dr. Strangelove", for example, satirically addresses the nuclear scare. The James Bond series also embodies Cold War anxieties. TV shows like "I Led 3 Lives" and "The Man from U.N.C.L.E." echoed Cold War themes.

2) Literature: Publications such as 1984 by George Orwell and The Quiet American by Graham Greene, reflect the paranoia and ideological conflict. Some science fiction of this era (e.g., Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451) used dystopian futures to explore the consequences of Cold War politics.

3) Music: Much of the pop and folk music of the time was politically charged. Bob Dylan’s "A Hard Rain’s A-gonna Fall" is seen as reflecting on the Cuban missile crisis. The punk rock band The Clash's song "London Calling" addresses the potential of a nuclear disaster. Also, music was used as a tool of soft power, with the US sending jazz musicians abroad to demonstrate the "freedom" inherent in American culture.

4) Art: Abstract Expressionism emerged, and artists like Jackson Pollock were promoted by the US as evidence of creativity and freedom of expression. Pop-Art, notably Andy Warhol's work, questioned consumerism and uniformity, often seen as a critique of both American and Soviet societies.

5) Comics: The likes of "Superman" and "Captain America" were used to instill patriotism and to resonate with the anti-communist sentiments of many Americans. These heroes often fought villains who were thinly-veiled stand-ins for American enemies during the Cold War era.

All these mediums helped shape people's perceptions of the conflict and its associated fears, and the themes they dealt with continue to influence contemporary culture.

Both Robert Oppenheimer and Edward Teller greatly contributed to nuclear weapons development, but their roles were quite different.

Oppenheimer, often known as the "father of the atomic bomb," headed the Manhattan Project, which was charged with rapidly developing the first nuclear weapon during World War II. As a physics professor at the University of California, Berkeley, he had significant intellectual input into the bomb's design. He was particularly instrumental in solving the problem of implosion in the plutonium bomb design, which was critical to ensuring the weapon's fearful destructive capability.

Edward Teller, on the other hand, worked within the Manhattan Project but is more famous for his later contribution to developing the hydrogen bomb. Throughout the project, he advocated for research into a fusion-based weapon, which would be tremendously more powerful than the fission-based atomic bombs. Though these ideas were not fully realized within the timeline of the Manhattan Project, his efforts paved the way for the development and subsequent detonation of the first hydrogen bomb in 1952.

In terms of the first nuclear bomb’s development, Oppenheimer’s role was larger as he led the entire project. However, Teller's ongoing advocacy and research into fusion-based weapons laid the groundwork for the next leap forward in nuclear weaponry. The two scientists' contributions were different and had unique impacts on nuclear weapons development.

No, Coca Cola did not invent Santa Claus. The modern image of Santa Claus was already established before Coca Cola started using it in 1930s advertisements. However, it can be stated that Coca Cola greatly popularized this image of a rotund, jolly, white-bearded man dressed in red. The image of Santa Claus has roots in various cultural and historical figures such as the Christian Saint Nicholas, British Father Christmas, Dutch Sinterklaas, and others.

The best and most efficient cactus farm design for Minecraft would be an automatic farm. Here's a simplified step-by-step guide:

1. Build a sand platform: Set up a grid with sand blocks. Each block should be with a gap of one block between each other. This is where the cactus will be planted.
2. Plant the Cactus: On top of each sand block, plant a cactus. Be careful not to touch it as it might hurt you.
3. Building the frame: Above the first sand block, build a frame with any block of choice leaving two blocks for the cactus to grow. This frame will allow the cactus to drop once grown.
4. Water current: Place water at one end of the channel to generate a current that will lead to the collecting point.
5. Collection point: Use hoppers at the end of the channel to collect the cactus and direct them into a chest.

Remember that cactuses break when a block is placed next to them hence this automatic design, where the frame block forces the cactus piece to drop off when it grows. Also keep in mind that cactus can only be planted on sand. The bigger you make your farm, the more output you'll have. Happy farming!